Tutorials

CNC:Subprogram

A CNC program is a series of instructions, assigned to different tools and operations. If such a program includes two or more repetitive instructions, its structure should be changed from a single long program to two or more separate programs. Each repetitive instruction is written only once and called when required. This is the main concept of subprograms. Figure below shows a typical part layout repeated at different locations.

Mirror image

 

Coordinate rotation

A programmed tool motion creates a pattern, contour or a pocket that can be rotated about a defined point by specified angle. With this control feature, there are many opportunities to make the programming process much more flexible and equally efficient. This very powerful programming feature, usually a special control option, is called the Coordinate System Rotation, or just Coordinate Rotation. 

Circular Interpolation

In the majority of CNC programming applications, there are only two types of tool motions related to contouring. One is the Linear Interpolation. discussed earlier, the other one is the Circular Interpolation, discussed in this post. The programming method of controlling a tool path along an arc is similar to the method of programming a tool path along a line. The method of circular contouring is called circular interpolation.

Machine Zero Return

The ability of a control system to return a cutting tool from any position to the machine reference position is a critical feature of all modern CNC systems. Programmers and operators understand the term machine reference position as synonymous with the home position or machine zero position. This is the position of all machine slides at one of the extreme travel limits of each axis.

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