Embedded system is a combination of software and hardware designed for specific task. Any device that can include a computer but itself not a general purpose computer can be categorized as embedded system.
Needs of embedded system is to decrease power consumption and space. This can be achieved by integrating more components into single chip.
Characteristics
1.Low Power supply
2.Restricted memory
3. Low space
4.Real-time operation
4(a)Soft real time-delay is acceptable. Ex-hang on computer.
4(b)Hard real time-delay is critical. Ex-missile launch.
Introduction to 8051
8051 was introduced by Intel in 1981 and very soon it got the popularity in the market because of its salient features
Features->
- 4kb on chip ROM
- 8-bit micro-controller
- 16-bit address bus
- 128byte ram (including SFR)
- 4 I/0 ports(P0,P1,P2,P3)
- 2 timer(t0,t1)
- 6 interrupt
- 1 serial port(tx-rx)
In next few years different flavors of chips are presented in market by a number of other manufacturers in terms of speed and amount of on-chip ROM.
Embedded C
The Two main feature of any programming language in embedded system are code size and code execution speed. The code execution speed will depend on timing constraint of given chip while the code size is governed by user by choosing appropriate programming language. Our aim here is to make system faster in minimum space.
You can use one of following language but we here concentrate more on assembly and embedded c in all project that we would make later……..
- Machine language(create complexity)
- Assembly language(low level language)
- C,C++,java etc(high level language)
- Visual basic(application level language)
Use of assembly in embedded system
This language seems to be great choice of user in embedded world but use is restricted in terms of code size and execution speed. Making small code doesn't create as much problem but developing large code leads to inefficient code, making it difficult to manage. Also code portability is not here in assembly. Although size of hex file so created in assembly is small but programming is time consuming and tedious task. So high level language is preferred choice for embedded lovers.
Use of embedded C in embedded
In spite of large hex file size it is preferred to assembly as it is less time consuming, easier to modify and update, use of code in function libraries present in the compiler. One of the main advantage of using c is that c code is portable to other micro-controller also. Moreover Programs written in c is much easier to understand and debug.
Proteus
Proteus is software for microprocessor simulation, schematic capture, and printed circuit board (PCB) design. It is developed by Lab-center Electronics.
System components:
1) ISIS Schematic Capture - a tool for entering designs.
2) PRO-SPICE Mixed mode SPICE simulation - industry standard SPICE3F5 simulator combined with a digital simulator.
3) ARES PCB Layout - PCB design system with automatic component placer, rip-up and retry auto-router and interactive design rule checking.
4) VSM - Virtual System Modeling lets co-simulate embedded software for popular micro-controllers alongside hardware design.
More details about the PROTEUS software will be discussed in later sections. For now, we are guiding you through the steps on how to install Proteus software on your system and a free download link to the software, go through the below video:
Proteus 7.6 installation
Proteus 8 installation
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